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May 5, 1925.

` J. Y. HARTMAN E1 Al.

VOLTAGE REGULATING MEANS FOR DRECT CURRENT GENERATORS Filed Sept. 19

UN K

un www l. Mmmm# Patented Mayv 5, 1925.

UNiED STATES PAT-ENT oFFi-CE.

.Tacos Y. mman, or NEW onLEANs, Ann nonnn'rfn- 'ULLEE, or ARABI, Levier-ANA, Assreivons or one-THIRD 'ro WALTER n. coax, 4vor im ORLEANS,

LOUISIANA.

VOLTAGE-REGULATING MEANS FOR DIRECT-GRB-ENT GENERll-ORS.

Application filed September 19, 1923. Serial No. 6633-539. i

To all whom t 'may concern.:

Be it known that we, Jacou Y. I-Lurrnan' and. Renner L. FULLER, citizensof the United States of America, residing, respectively, at New Orleans,in the parish of Orleans, State of Louisiana, and at Arabi, in theparish of St. Bernard, State of Louisiana, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Voltage-Regulatinfr Means for Direct-CurrentGenerators, of' which the 'following is a specification Y The presentinvention relates to electric regulators and the primal?,1 object is toprovide novel and improved means capable of automatically regulating andstabilizing the voltage of direct current generators, whether operatingsingly or in multiple or parallel,

to avoid the necessity of einploying heavyv and hence expensiveequalizing connections between direct current generators operating inparallel and to prevent the exchange of current, beyond a. predeterminedliniit, between direct current generators operating in arallel, to theend that each generator will bear its proportional part of thetotalload.

To these and other ends', the invention conz ngqputput :Qfzi

sists in certain improvements and combinations aud arrangements, all aswill be herciuafter more fuy described, the eatures of novelty beingpointed out particularly in the claims at theend of the specification.

In the accompanying drawings The figure is a diagram of regulatingapparatus constructed 1n accordance with the present invention and which'may be used in part for the regulation of generatois operating singlyor in whole for the regulation of generators operating in multiple orparallel.

In applying the invention to the voltage regulation of a direct. currentgenerator operating singly', the generator G which may he of any directcurrent type havingy a shunt ield F has its brushes connected to theleads 1 and 2 and these leads may be connected hy a. suitable switch 3to the main line busbars 4 and 5. One of the terminals (i of the shuntfield winding l" has a rheostat or other suitable resistance, which ispreferabl adjustable, inserted in series therewith. The rheostat 7isadapted to bc short circuitcd -through leads 8 and' S) which areconnected to the shuntlield circuit of the generator-,at oppositel sidesof the rheostat andere connected, respectively, to an armature '1,0carryinga contactlll, and to a cooperatingcontact 12. A tensionspringflB acts 'ta-engage the contacts. 11 and 12 andgtohqld them inengagement, and a condenser lfl! ,may bridge the contacts' 1l' andv12,1;0- minimize, .arcing hetweenhth'em. The electroffinagnet .15 co-Ioperates with the arniature Lit., acting;l when sufficiently energined.

zevsome there power of the springlrand thereby, separate the ,contacts11: and 12,"fthez slllortqcircuit the rlieostat is'toreducetheypieldxcitation and thereby reduce thevoltage .Output of the.

generator. On the other l 1 a11.d, closing, .ofjthe short circuit aroundthe rheostatthrongl11- engaging of the contacts 11 and 12, due todeenerginzationiof the, electro-magnet l15, hasthe effect of. cuttingthe rheostal; 7qut of the., field,- circuit of thegenerator-,.xvherelayfthe field` excitation and; in Gensequenee,the-vols.

t net 15is controlled by'an electmfrnagnet' 16:..

the generatori will xbeE iny This magnet has a coil-17'tliereonconnected by leads -18 endl-19 to thelea'ds'Oiand 21,..

the latter being-connected,.-respectively,,to -tlie armaturezleads 1 and2 of thegeneratonfl The niagnetil is provided with amarmatnre i 22 whichcarries a contact 23-arranged to cooperate with a. contact24, thlatter-being connected by a lead 25 to the c'oill or 'winding '26 onthemagnet 15, the lead 25 being con- Vnectcdfby a lead 27'- to-the lead20 through 1 a resister 28, the'jotherl terminal of thecoil The inode ofoperation f the regulating apparatus, when used for the regulation ofone generator'operating sing1y,:is as follows: The winding 17- of theiagnet lis energized from -the main leads l and 2 of the generator G',whose voltage is to be veloped by it. f-T-he equaliz'ing current fromgenerator G.' 34, creating a drop of ,potential across its terminals4vwhich'energizea tliewinding 36 of the magnet 16, but the connections,for the coil 3G are such thatthe energizingaction of the winding 36will oppose-,that of .the )vinding 17 and the winding 36 will beenergized sulliciently to neutralize or overcome the magnetism producedby the winding 17 suiciently to cause the spring 20 to retract thearmature 22 and thereby engage the contacts 23 and 24. The winding 26 ofthe magnet 15 is thereby short crcuted so that its armature 10 willbecome retracted, thus engaging the contacts 11 and 12 and hence shortcircuiting the rheostat 7 or other resistance in the shunt field of thegenerator G, the result of which is to raise the voltage of the currentdevelopedby the generator G until a balance is obtained between theenerators. If the voltage of the generator is lower than that ofgenerator G, action similar to that above described will take place,although the energization of the winding 36 will act to assist thewinding 17 of the magnet 16, thus causing the armature 22 to beattracted whereby the magnet 15 will be energized suiiiciently toattract its armature 10 and thus insert the rheostat or resistance 7 inseries with the iieldwinding of the generator G while the winding 36will be energized in a sense which will oppose the energization of thewinding 17', in consequence of which the armature 22 will be retracted,causing the armature 10 of the magnet 15 to be retracted by its spring13', in consequence of which the rheostat or resistance 7 in the fieldwinding of the generator G will bc short circuited, thereby causing thevoltage of the current developed by the generator G to rise until abalance -is obtained between the two generators.

"While it is possible and practical to em ploy the resistere 34 and 35in the balancing lines and to connect the terminals of the coiis 3G and36 to the equalizing circuit at opposite sides of the respectiveresist-els, these resisters may be omitted, in which. case the windings36 and 3G will be conncrtcd in series with the respective equalizinglincs 3l and 32, in which arrangement a very sensitive balance ma)Y beand has been maintained.

lV claim as our invention 1 1. `Voltage regulating and stabilizing icans for a plurality of direct current genev ratei-s connected inparallel com )rising resistance means individual to the field circuit ofcach generator to be rigulutcd. means for short-circuiting therespect-ire resistance means, a balancing circuit connecting thegenerators, and controlling means for the respective short-circxutingmeans responsive flows also through-the resister tothe volta-geef itsrespective generator and alsotoa i'low of cnrrentin the balancing cir-2. l.Voltage regulating and y stabilizing.

means for a plurality ofjdirect current generators connected inparallel, comprising resistance means for the field excitation circuit ocach generator, means for short-cir cuiting the resistance in eachgenerator field circuit, a balancing circuit connecting the generators,and means responsive to the voltage of the current generated by eachgenerator und also responsive to a iow of current in the balancingcircuit for controlling the field resistance short-eircniting means ofthe respective generators. l

3. Voltage regulating and stabilizing means for a plurality of directcurrent generators connected in arallel, comprising a resistance adaptedto e inserted in the field excitation circuit of each generator, meansfor slicrt-circuiting each resistance, a balancing circuit connectingthe generators, and electro-magnetic means having a winding connected inthe balancing circuit and operative to control the resistance short-circuiting means'or the respective generator according to the direction offlow of current in the balancing circuit.

4. Voltage regulating and stabilizing means for a plurality of directcurrent gener- .ators connected in parallel, comprising resistance meansadapted to be inserted in the field excitation circuit of eachgenerator, means for short-circuiting each of said re sistance means, abalancing circuit connect ing the generators and having resistersconnected therein, and electromagnetic means for controlling eachshort-circuiting means embodyingr a winding connected to the mains ofthe respective generator and having another winding connected to thebalancing circuit at opposite sides of the respective resister andoperative to assist or op )ose the action of the first-mentioned win ingaccordino' to the direction of flow ot current in the baiilncingcircuit.

5. Voltage regulating and stabilizing means for a plurality of directcurrent generators connected in parallel.l comprising rcsistanc-e meansadapted to be connected in the field excitation circuit ot eachgenerator, slioit-cii-cuiting means for each resistance includingcontrolling contacts, electro-magnetic means connected to the mains ofeach generator and having an armature governing said contacts,shortircniting means for Said electro-magnetic means includingcontrolling contacts. second electro-magnetic means having a windingconnected to the mains of the respective generator, an erniaturecooperative with said second electromadnetic means controlling thesecond-meuu t n tioned contacts, a balancing circuit connecting thegenerators, and a second winding 'on In testimonyv whereof We havehereunto the second-mentioned electro-magnetic' set our hands.

JACOB Y. HARTMAN.

means connected in the balancing circuit and operative to assist oroppose the action` "-ROBER'L` AL. FULLER.

5 of the first-'mentioned winding according to In presence Die' thedirection of flow of current in the balanc- 'DAN-mn ,WI'LKINSONg ingcircuit. v HARRY SMITH.

